{"id":472,"date":"2013-12-06T11:34:00","date_gmt":"2013-12-06T11:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hosting.mwh.asia\/~chyrunco\/?p=472"},"modified":"2016-07-13T21:45:54","modified_gmt":"2016-07-13T14:45:54","slug":"otak-manusia-modern-semakin-menyusut","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bacamedi.com\/otak-manusia-modern-semakin-menyusut\/","title":{"rendered":"Otak Manusia Modern Alami Penyusutan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Otak Manusia Modern Alami Penyusutan<\/b>\u00a0&#8211; Para ilmuan di Cambridge University mengklaim, manusia modern bukan saja lebih kecil dan pendek dibandingkan leluhurnya, tapi juga memiliki otak lebih kecil. Para ilmuwan menjelaskan dalam kurun 10 ribu tahun terakhir struktur fisik manusia modern menjadi lebih kecil dan lebih pendek hingga 10 persen dibandingkan nenek moyang mereka. Hal ini terutama disebabkan oleh pertanian, pola makan yang kian ketat serta proses urbanisasi yang bisa membahayakan kesehatan serta berujung pada penyebaran penyakit.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Perkembangan Sejarah Otak Manusia<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Teori ini muncul dari beberapa studi tentang sejumlah fosil manusia yang ditemukan di Afrika, Eropa dan Asia. Ahli evolusi manusia Dr Marta Lahr menjelaskan 10 ribu tahun lalu manusia memiliki bobot rata-rata 77 hingga 83 kilogram. Namun saat ini manusia memiliki berat rata-rata 69 kilogram hingga 75 kilogram. Manusia terus mengalami evolusi, tapi perubahan ukuran tubuh ini \u00a0terjadi secara signifikan setelah 10 ribu tahun lalu, kenapa ? , penjelasan akan ditemukan diisi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Otak adalah organ pengintegrasi dalam tubuh hewan ataupun manusia. Ia mempengaruhi segala sistem yang lain dan mengkoordinasi segala tindakan. Ia memprojeksi segala inplus intern, dan menerima serta mentafsirkan segala stimuli extern. Oleh karena itu otak merupakan rekaman evolusi hewan yang terlengkap. Secara teoritis tidak mungkin ada perubahan adaptif dalam perilaku hewan yang tidak mempengaruhi struktur otaknya.<\/p>\n<p class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"><a style=\"margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\" href=\"http:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-d79jDp-zwi0\/VjjFT5wcHKI\/AAAAAAAACNo\/oXLqgrxNB9s\/s1600\/otak.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Otak Manusia Modern Alami Penyusutan\" src=\"http:\/\/hosting.mwh.asia\/~chyrunco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/otak.jpg\" alt=\"Otak Manusia Modern Alami Penyusutan\" width=\"640\" height=\"315\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gaya hidup dari berburu menjadi bertani, yang dimulai sekira 9 ribu tahun lalu, menjadi pemicu awal terjadinya evolusi menyusutnya otak. Di satu sisi kehidupan bertani memastikan manusia memiliki cukup makanan, namun karena hanya terpaku dengan sejumlah kecil makanan biasa mengakibatkan manusia kekurangan vitamin dan mineral sehingga menghambat pertumbuhan mereka. Volume otak manusia mengalami penurunan secara signifikan. Otak pria 20 ribu tahun lalu diketahui mencapai 1.500 centimeter kubik. Namun otak pria modern rata-rata hanya mencapai 1.350 centimeter kubik. Jika diukur, volume yang &#8216;hilang&#8217; dari otak pria modern memiliki ukuran sama seperti bola tenis.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Ini Tentang Efektivitas Dan Efisiensi<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Antropolog menegaskan penyusutan otak merupakan hal yang tak terlalu mengejutkan. Pasalnya, semakin kuat dan besar, maka makin besar tenaga pengendali yang dibutuhkan otak. Manusia Neanderthal yang hilang 30 ribu tahun silam, diyakini memiliki otak lebih masif dan besar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Otak <em>Homo Sapiens<\/em> yang semakin menyusut tidak berarti semakin bodoh, justru sebaliknya. Manusia melakukan evolusi karena terdorong \u00a0keadaan lingkunganya. Manusia telah belajar memaksimalkan fungsi otak mereka dengan lebih efisien. Manusia Cro-Magnon atau lebih dikenal sebagai <em>Homo Sapiens<\/em> memiliki otak yang cukup besar. Tak heran, mereka lebih kuat dibanding keturunan lainnya. Profesor psikologi University of Missouri David Geary mengatakan, penyusutan ini merupakan salah satu cara bertahan di lingkungan yang ada.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dalam proses evolusi terjadi penghematan energi besar-besaran yang menjadikan otak semakin kecil tapi lebih efisien. Sama halnya seperti yang kita lihat terjadi pada prosesor computer, yang pada perkembanganya semakin mengecil dan efisien.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Poin Penting !<\/b><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Evolusi otak manusia semakin menyusut karena terdorong untuk menyesuaikan dengan lingkungan yang semakin sulit, kebiasaan makan, gaya hidup diduga mejadi faktor yang mempercepat evolusi otak. Manusia juga belajar memaksimalkan kerja otak menjadi semakin efisien dari waktu kewaktu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Demikian artikel kami berjudul Otak Manusia Modern Alami Penyusutan, semoga bermanfaat.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bacaan lebih lanjut ;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Anonym . 2011. Meski otak menyusut, manusia tetap lebih pintar . Artikel Kementerian Riset &amp; Teknologi. diakses tanggal 11 Oktober 2011.<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: 0px;\">Jacob, T. 1975. \u00a0Evolusi Otak Primates. \u00a0Berkala \u00a0Ilmu Kedokteran Gajah Mada Jilid VII : 1. Unuversitas Gajah Mada, Yogyakarta.<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">Simpan<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"border-radius: 2px; text-indent: 20px; width: auto; padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font: bold 11px\/20px 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #ffffff; background: #bd081c  no-repeat scroll 3px 50% \/ 14px 14px; position: absolute; opacity: 1; z-index: 8675309; display: none; cursor: pointer;\">Simpan<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Otak Manusia Modern Alami Penyusutan\u00a0&#8211; Para ilmuan di Cambridge University mengklaim, manusia modern bukan saja lebih kecil dan pendek dibandingkan leluhurnya, tapi juga memiliki otak<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1626,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.4 - 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